Lubricating oil



Patented Apr. 6, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LUBRICATING OIL Francis J. Licata, New York, N. Y., assignor to National Oil Products Company, Harrison, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application March 1, 1933, Serial p 6 Claims. (Cl. 87-9) My invention relates to lubricating oils and re- Example 1 fers particularly to means for reducing the congealiiig point, or pour point, of lubricating oils. A mixture is made Percent When a lubricating oil, containing paraffin, or Diem lene gl col 5 other waxes, or substances having a higher con- 1 Caste: on fatiy a; 15 gealing, or pouring, point than the oil itself, is Aluminum stearate 70 cooled, the wax, or other substances begins to separate from the oil, and if the temperature is low enough the oil flows with difficulty or ceases,

to flow.

It is desirable that a lubricating oil should remain fluid at all stages of employment from the starting of the engine to its full operation.

It is also desirable that the oil should remain fluid at all ordinary temperatures of use, and that it should not become thick, congealed or slow to flow at winter temperatures.

Attempts have been made to accomplish these desirable results by dewaxing, or removing, the wax from the oil by means of abnormal low temperatures, cold settlin solvents, centrifuging, etc., but all of these methods are accompanied by considerable expense, and time, and require considerable apparatus for their accomplishment.

I have found that it is not necessary to remove the waxes from the oil in order to obtain the desired low pour point, but that this result can be obtained by adding a small amount of diethyleneglycol to the oil.

When diethylene-glyc'ol is mixed with a mineral lubricating oil, the two ingredients have a tend- .ency to separate upon standing, thus preventing a constant uniform mixture and decreasing the value of the mixture for lubricating purposes In order to overcome this objectionable feature, I employ an aluminum soap, such as aluminum stearate, aluminum oleate, or aluminum naphthenate, which has the property of retaining the diethylene-glycol uniformly throughout the oil. 40 While a mixture of diethylene-glycol.and an aluminum soap may be successfully employed for the accomplishment of the described results, I have found that for certain classes of lubricating oils, it isadvisable to include a substance which will render the oil less viscous and hence freer flowing, and among such substances, which for purposes of identification in my invention I call de-viscosizing substances, are the ricinoleic fatty acids, the higher fatty alcohols, latex and 'paraflin oil; and my invention relates to the employment of diethylene-glycol and an aluminum soap, bothwith and without a de-viscosizing substance. I give the following as examples 56 tion:

of my inven-' When of the above mixture is added to a S. A. E. oil, the pour point is lowered from 10 F. to -15 F. When the same quantity is added to a S. A. E. 50 oil, the pour point is lowered from 15 F. to -10 F.

Example 2 A mixture is made of:

and added to a lubricating oil.

It will thus be seen that I can thus lower the pour point of the oil, thus greatly enhancing its value and efficiency without the expense incident to the actual physical removal of the wax, and similar substances, from the oil.

I do not limit myself to the particular oils, chemicals, times, quantities and steps of procedure particularly mentioned, as these are used simply as a means for clearly explaining my invention.

What I claim is:

1. A non-water-dispersible, wax-containing, petroleum lubricating oil containing diethyleneglycol; castor oil fatty acids and an aluminum soap.

2. A non-water-dispersible, wax-containing, petroleum lubricating oil containing diethyleneglycol, castor oil fatty acids and aluminum ates-rate.

ene-glycol, a de-viscosizing substance of the.

group consisting oi. ricinoleic acid, the higher fatty alcohols and paraiiln oil, and aluminum stearate.

5. A mixture adapted for reducing the pour point of non-water-dispersible, wax containing, petroleum lubricating oil consisting of diethyleneglycol, castor oil fatty acids and an aluminum soap.

6. A mixture adapted for reducing the pour point of non-water-dispersible, wax containing,

petroleum lubricating oil consisting'of diethylene-glycol, castor oil fatty acids and aluminum stearate.

FRANCIS J. LICATA. 

